Neuroprotective effects of sulforaphane on cholinergic neurons in mice with Alzheimer's disease-like lesions

This randomized clinical trial examined sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout beverage consumption in 291 adults over 12 weeks. Participants in rural China consumed beverages containing glucoraphanin, the precursor to sulforaphane.

Results showed that daily sulforaphane consumption significantly enhanced detoxification of environmental carcinogens and improved markers of oxidative stress. Participants showed increased urinary excretion of toxins and improved antioxidant status.

Sulforaphane activates the Nrf2 pathway, a master regulator of cellular antioxidant and detoxification responses. This compound powerfully protects neurons from oxidative damage and inflammation, key factors in cognitive decline. Animal studies have shown sulforaphane improves memory, enhances neuroplasticity, and may protect against neurodegenerative diseases. Sulforaphane is concentrated in broccoli sprouts, which contain 50-100 times more glucoraphanin than mature broccoli. The compound was well-tolerated throughout the study.