Efficacy and adverse effects of ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Key Finding
Ginkgo biloba (240mg daily) modestly but significantly improves cognition and daily function in dementia patients.
Plain-English Summary
This comprehensive meta-analysis evaluated 21 randomized controlled trials involving 2,608 patients to assess the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba extract for cognitive impairment and dementia. Studies examined daily doses ranging from 120-240mg of standardized extract.
The analysis found that Ginkgo biloba produced significant improvements in cognitive function, activities of daily living, and clinical global impression in patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Benefits were more pronounced in studies using higher doses (240mg daily) and longer treatment durations (at least 22-24 weeks).
The supplement was well-tolerated with adverse effects comparable to placebo. The researchers concluded that Ginkgo biloba extract appears to be safe and effective for improving cognitive function and functional abilities in patients with cognitive decline, though effects are modest and require sustained supplementation.