Tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan for depression

This Cochrane systematic review evaluated randomized controlled trials examining 5-HTP for depression. The review included studies comparing 5-HTP to placebo or conventional antidepressants in adult patients with depression.

Analysis of the included trials suggested that 5-HTP was more effective than placebo at alleviating depressive symptoms. Some studies also found 5-HTP comparable to conventional antidepressants in efficacy, with typical doses ranging from 50-300mg daily.

5-HTP is a precursor to serotonin and crosses the blood-brain barrier more readily than tryptophan. By increasing serotonin synthesis, it may help improve mood, sleep, and anxiety. However, the reviewers noted that study quality was variable and more rigorous research is needed. Side effects were generally mild, primarily gastrointestinal symptoms, though interactions with serotonergic medications require caution.