Modulation of cognition and mood following administration of single doses of Ginkgo biloba, ginseng, and a ginkgo/ginseng combination to healthy young adults
Key Finding
Panax ginseng improved working memory while Ginkgo biloba enhanced attention, with complementary benefits when combined.
Plain-English Summary
This randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study examined the acute effects of Panax ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, and their combination on cognition in 20 healthy young adults. Each participant received all treatments in a counterbalanced order.
Panax ginseng (400mg) significantly improved working memory speed and accuracy. Ginkgo biloba (360mg) improved attention and speed of memory tasks. The combination produced complementary benefits, enhancing both speed and quality of memory performance.
This study demonstrates that ginseng and ginkgo affect different aspects of cognitive function and may work synergistically when combined. Ginseng appears to modulate glucose regulation and cortisol, while ginkgo enhances cerebral blood flow. Both herbs have long histories in traditional medicine for cognitive support.